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Canonicalization does two things:
* It prevents duplicate names that differ only by case or only by normalization/encoding sequence; and
* It makes certain name-based comparisons "case-insensitive" (generalizing via Unicode's case-folding rules).
This change is complicated, as it means that every name now needs to be stored in two forms. Unfortunately, this is _very likely_ a breaking schema change. The migrations in this commit perform a best-effort attempt to canonicalize existing channel or login names, but it's likely any existing channels or logins with non-ASCII characters will not be canonicalize correctly. Since clients look at all channel names and all login names on boot, and since the code in this commit verifies canonicalization when reading from the database, this will effectively make the server un-usuable until any incorrectly-canonicalized values are either manually canonicalized, or removed
It might be possible to do better with [the `icu` sqlite3 extension][icu], but (a) I'm not convinced of that and (b) this commit is already huge; adding database extension support would make it far larger.
[icu]: https://sqlite.org/src/dir/ext/icu
For some references on why it's worth storing usernames this way, see <https://www.b-list.org/weblog/2018/nov/26/case/> and the refernced talk, as well as <https://www.b-list.org/weblog/2018/feb/11/usernames/>. Bennett's treatment of this issue is, to my eye, much more readable than the referenced Unicode technical reports, and I'm inclined to trust his opinion given that he maintains a widely-used, internet-facing user registration library for Django.
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This normalizes the following values:
* login names
* passwords
* channel names
* message bodies, because why not
The goal here is to have a canonical representation of these values, so that, for example, the service does not inadvertently host two channels whose names are semantically identical but differ in the specifics of how diacritics are encoded, or two users whose names are identical.
Normalization is done on input from the wire, using Serde hooks, and when reading from the database. The `crate::nfc::String` type implements these normalizations (as well as normalizing whenever converted from a `std::string::String` generally).
This change does not cover:
* Trying to cope with passwords that were created as non-normalized strings, which are now non-verifiable as all the paths to verify passwords normalize the input.
* Trying to ensure that non-normalized data in the database compares reasonably to normalized data. Fortunately, we don't _do_ very many string comparisons (I think only login names), so this isn't a huge deal at this stage. Login names will probably have to Get Fixed later on, when we figure out how to handle case folding for login name verification.
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This separates the code that figures out what happened to an entity from the code that represents it to a user, and makes it easier to compute a snapshot at a point in time (for things like bootstrap). It also makes the internal logic a bit easier to follow, since it's easier to tell whether you're working with a point in time or with the whole recorded history.
This hefty.
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This helped me discover an organizational scheme I like more.
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This is primarily renames and repackagings.
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(This is part of a larger reorganization.)
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While reviewing [MDN], I noticed this note:
> SSE suffers from a limitation to the maximum number of open connections, which can be specially painful when opening various tabs as the limit is per browser and set to a very low number (6). […] This limit is per browser + domain, so that means that you can open 6 SSE connections across all of the tabs to www.example1.com and another 6 SSE connections to www.example2.com.
I tested it in Safari; this is true, and once six streams are open, _no_ more requests can be made - in any tab, even a fresh one.
Since the design _was_ that each channel had its own events endpoint, this is an obvious operations risk. Any client that tries to read multiple channels' streams will hit this limit quickly.
This change consolidates all channel events into a single endpoint: `/events`. This takes a list of channel IDs (as query parameters, one `channel=` param per channel), and streams back events from all listed channels. The previous `/:channel/events` endpoint has been removed. Clients can selectively request events for the channels they're interested in.
[MDN]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventSource
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This is, again, groundwork for logic that requires more than just a database connection.
The login process has been changed to be more conventional, attempting login _before_ account creation rather than after it. This was not previously possible, because the data access methods used to perform these steps did not return enough information to carry out the workflow in that order. Separating storage from password validation and hashing forces the issue, and makes it clearer _at the App_ whether an account exists or not.
This does introduce the possibility of two racing inserts trying to lay claim to the same username. Transaction isolation should ensure that only one of them "wins," which is what you get before this change anyways.
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